When the workpiece material of use differ in thousands ways produces all sorts of parts, production chamber of commerce uses a variety of treatment technology. Without giving thought to what craft, but manufacturer people have a common cause, that is namely inside appointed time, with proper cost, production goes out a certain quantity of, the workpiece that contented quality asks. To achieve this one goal, a lot of manufacturer introduced an one-sided model, this kind of model with a view to chooses and use cutting tool above all, next according to arms will will be blocked, water comes the train of thought of earthy cover solves a problem. But if do exactly the opposite this kind of method, can reduce cost, improve efficiency. Manufacturer cannot when after the problem appears, undertake adjustment to processing an operation individually again, and sex of the look up before should devoting oneself to to make those who aim to eliminate unqualified spare parts and unforeseen stoppage time above all beforehand case. After building stable and reliable technology, through applying the concept that produces economics, can help manufacturer be mixed in manufacturing rate the balance is found between production cost. Subsequently, on the foundation of reliable, economy, efficient treatment, manufacturer can choose to be able to optimize the cutting tool that machines craft and cutting condition in the round. Before manufacturing economics is beginning to optimize metallic cutting, must ensure craft is safe, reliable can reduce damage amount of second spare parts, shorten unforeseen stoppage time. Want to achieve craft security, need creates a stable manufacturing environment. The domain that manufacturer must analyse includes a machine tool to safeguard, the application of system of CAM process designing, knife handle and cooling fluid. The job handles automation, for example tray or mechanization spare parts lade / uninstall a system, also can be assessment one part. The art that produces economics and the highest security that science emphasizes particularly on to realize workmanship at ensuring and can forecast a gender, hold the manufacturing cost of highest productivity and lowest at the same time. When metallic cutting craft and environmental safety and when can be being forecasted, manufacturing economics will pay close attention to two respects only: In suit manufacturer the crop of particular case and the balance is found between production cost. For example, when batch produces simple part, needing the possibility that considers mainly is the yield with the cost top implementation with lowest. Contrary, when category produces precious complex part in the production environment with miscellaneous, small batch, must pay close attention to integral dependability and accuracy mainly, just be to try to reduce production cost next. Utmost shortens unforeseen stoppage time should achieve top production resource utilization rate, need utmost shortens machine down time, the in short reduces the time length when the machine tool does not cut bits namely. Some machine down time are necessary with the plan inside. This includes to be used at process designing to mix safeguard machine tool, clamping device, lade and uninstall workpiece and change the time of cutting tool. Production chamber of commerce produces machine down time of the consideration in the plan in theirs. However, the generation of reject can be caused stop outside the plan machine. If must machine reject afresh, so initiative the machine down time outside machining the time that place of this spare parts uses to plan namely, was dropped by waste. On the tradition, the method that produces a workshop to adopt passivity will shorten the machine down time outside the plan. When a problem brings about production to interrupt, begin to seek a solution. Better method is active and active undertake planning, from the crucial target of certain at the beginning treatment, control technological process in order to achieve a goal, is not to await the redo after occurrence problem to give response. Mass production workshop prepares with the time of 20% the job, be carried out with the time of 80% next and check. Good way is to use the time of 80% to prepare, the time of 20% uses the others to carry out and adjust (if be necessary) . When preparation processes an operation, manufacturing workshop should analyse the target of oneself and make responsible technological process come true it. Main goal is not always is to raise manufacturing rate. Although certain production circumstance (for example the production of car assembly) need to undertake large quantities of quantities are produced really, but manufacturing industry presents a trend that to category mode of production of miscellaneous, small lot develops generally. In mass production, when developing technology of a treatment, if be inside longer period of time,have 50 or 100 spare partses discard as useless, this produces to be during this by tens of thousands for the spare parts negligible, because this is very easy by oversight. However, in category in the production of miscellaneous, small lot, before this craft is producing a part, even from must develop meticulously at the beginning. A batch of the spare parts production that miscellaneous, small lot produces category to involve small lot possibly, production that count a part only, only custom-built even a spare parts. Below this kind of circumstance, a few reject can create the difference of profit and deficit. Microcosmic and macroscopical to achieve result of optimal metal cutting, traditional method can introduce an one-sided microcosmic model, this model undertook optimizing to the individual cutting tool that uses in individual treatment. Contrary, macroscopical model considers workmanship from wider perspective. The floor-to-floor time of add up to that when these model side overweight produce appointed work, needs. Can compare the relation between microcosmic economy model and macroscopical economy model from the perspective when the artist is making a picture. Microcosmic model is dedicated at specific details, preoccupied like the artist the individual brush stroke in Chinese painting and calligraphy at paintbrush. And macroscopical model is regressive one pace examines whole spare parts to produce flow, view and admire oneself paint from whole like the artist. Apparent, although need to pay close attention to detail, but the integral target that cannot work with oversight is cost. Shadow cost pays close attention to fine feast to bring about too cannot center energy obtain final treatment positive result. For example, have the aid of an additional cutting tool shortened cutting time 10 seconds, but its are installed and dislocation time increased 10 minutes however, this is not advisability of course lift. Same, the product quality that implementation of try every means exceeds a client to ask also can increase cost and manufacturing time. Below this kind of circumstance, people hard to avoid can raise an approximately serious question: "Production of ability of need expenditure how long, how many cost gives quality owe beautiful but does its function still satisfy the workpiece of the requirement? " operation cost also can adopt microcosmic perspective and macroscopical perspective with the model at calculating finished cost. Microcosmic model can consider cutting cost from narrow perspective, and cutting condition direct related to cutting cost couplet. And macroscopical economy model is cut from wider perspective, the time of add up to that when side overweight produces appointed work, needs. Manufacturer measures manufacturing rate through a variety of means, include the work measure that completes inside period of time and even the time of add up to that the treatment that finish needs. A lot of elements can affect manufacturing rate, the product that includes workpiece appearance requirement and material character, whole plant flows, the investment of personnel, safeguard, peripheral and environmental protection, reclaim and safe problem (refer to annotations please) . Making this medium certain essential factor is fixed. The processes an operation kind that when the complex degree of workpiece and material decided to make a part normally, wants and amount. Of factory machine tool purchase cost, maintaining cost and electric power cost basically is fixed costs. Although labour cost is more agile, but originally effectively to come down surely in short-term internal energy at least. The sales revenue that these cost must exchange by machines spare parts will offset. Raise manufacturing rate, namely the speed that workpiece changeover is finished product, OK and quits fixed costs. After optimizing the integral productivity that be balanced from macroscopical angle and optimizes craft and cost effectiveness individually, manufacturer can come true to be improved further through optimizing individual treatment meticulously. Cutting condition, namely cutting deepness, feed and cutting speed, in the balance productivity and cost respect are acting important role. Any or although these 3 all elements conduce to shorten handling time, but every element is widely divergent however to machining the influence of dependability. Cutting deepness does not have any influences almost to cutting tool life. Feed can produce slight effect to cutting tool life. Under photograph comparing, the cutting speed effect to cutting tool life and cutting technology reliability is very distinct. Director of a lot of workshops is certain need to raise cutting speed to be able to produce a more parts inside period of time only, because this is reduced,make cost. This is correct normally, but also need to pay price. Treatment rate is rapidder, do not stabilize more normally. High rate can produce more quantity of heat, to cutting tool and workpiece metropolis generation is affected. Cutting tool wears away the meeting is quicker, more uncertain also, cutting tool wears away or vibration still can bring about spare parts dimension abhorrent drop with exterior surface roughness. Cutting tool may rupture and bring about workpiece to be injured. In addition, when the operation dependability that craft asks to surpass the limit, cannot be defended in unmanned value normally or move steadily below the case that half unmanned value defends, because this eliminated the potential source of an economic labor power. Extremely high cutting rate and the taller maintenance that machine parameter to may increase a machine tool cost, can stop as a result of machine tool occurrence breakdown even machine. After realizing these problems, f of a mechanical engineer. W.
Taylor is at the beginning of 20 centuries the model that developed to be used at deciding cutting tool life. This model shows, to given cutting deepness and feed combination, inside specific cutting speed limits, the loss of cutting tool is safe, can forecast, controllable. The model of Taylor can quantify cutting speed, cutting tool to wear away not only with the relation between cutting tool life, still can acquire a balance between cost effectiveness and productivity, showed the optimal cutting rate when treatment clearly. Manufacturer ought to be in those who choose every kinds of treatment to allow to use normally below the premise of the stability that assures clamping apparatus of cutting tool clamp, workpiece and machine tool and machine tool electric power deepness of the biggest cutting and highest feed. The consideration is formed with what cut bits and still must eliminate and vibration and workpiece are out of shape relevant treatment security. The method of the balance is to lower cutting rate appropriately, at the same time corresponding land increases feed and cutting depth. Collect those who exhaust may big cutting deepness can reduce place to need to take knife time, shortened accordingly handling time. Feed also answer the biggest change, although too big feed may affect workpiece quality and demand of exterior surface roughness. Below certain circumstance, lowering cutting rate while it is OK to increase feed and cutting depth implementation and pure the metal like raising cutting rate moves except rate level. Producing cost is cutting tool cost and the sum of machine tool cost. When raising cutting rate, handling time can shorten, machine tool cost will drop. But begin from a certain hour, totle drilling cost will rise, because briefer cutting tool life can increase cutting tool,this is cost is mixed the frequency that change a knife, the price that pays in this two respects can be in more than the cost with machine tool managing respect. When should achieving stable, reliable feed and cutting deepness combination, can use cutting speed to undertake final calibration to treatment. The target is to raise cutting rate in order to reduce handling time cost, but the cutting tool that accelerate wears away and won't excessive raise cost of cutting cutting tool. The problem of problem environmental protection that has nothing to do with cutting and safe problem are representing the mainer and mainer factor in producing economics. Manufacturer is facing energy-saving pressure. Cooling fluid and the use with oily cutting and processing get more and more superintendency and price is higher and higher. To cutting condition character, the method of the balance can help manufacturer answer these problems and similar apprehension. Lower cutting rate and bigger feed and smaller cutting deepness can reduce the sources of energy that when excising a metal, requires. The condition of the balance still can prolong cutting tool life, decrease to cutting tool is used up and deal with problem. Lower specific power consumption can reduce caloric generation, the cooling fluid that when because this is OK,utmost reduces treatment, uses does not use any cooling fluid even. Conclusion should use manufacturing economics concept, need undertakes to machining an environment whole is analysed and use as contrary as a lot of existing metallic cutting methods thinking means. However, once put into effect the strategy of these proposals, can save cost not only, raise workpiece quality and implementation more the production of environmental protection, still can be in stable, reliable whole workmanship retain productivity and gain ability. Annotations: Entire plant perspective examines the advantage that machines craft to depend on can breaking through the limitation that individual metal cutting operates from macroscopical angle. Lv of capacious perspective unified exam produces the correlation of all medium link. A simple give typical examples is two machine tools are used to produce a part in water product line. If machine tool A achieved higher yield through optimizing, but the result of machine tool B cannot be improved, criterion the part that production of the first machine tool gives can serve as semi-manufactured goods inventory to await the 2nd machine tool to complete treatment only, raised cost so. Below this kind of circumstance, the cutting cost that needs to reduce the first machine tool only (is not crop) can be in carry yield while the finished cost that reduces whole. On the other hand, when machine tool B unused when coming down to wait to machine the spare parts that comes from machine tool A, the yield that raises the first machine tool can increase total output. This depends on greatly the constituent means of workshop production technological process: It is to introduce product line treatment, machine by batch, still be collateral treatment. In addition, return what can evaluate a machine tool according to the integral business of manufacturer to purchase cost. In a kind of typical case, the workshop makes milling machine weekly 40 hours full load moves, decide to change its for costlier, more accurate, faster machine tool. But after when new machine tool investment is used, the time of the half is in unused condition. So that seek more business,need raises pay, maintain the investment thing that new machine tool moves continuously and the proof has to its to exceed a value thereby. In addition, can make full use of the treatment working procedure that those exercise of process capability of new machine tool may not suit the others inside the workshop or market. Better method is examine overall situation above all from macroscopical angle, the bigger crop that predicts new machine tool can bring what kind of result. The value is inferior and not quite advanced machine tool may suit to be mixed at present more expectant spare parts demand and crop. When cooperating to use with old machine tool, the machine tool that chooses meticulously still can offer taller flexibility and redundancy, answer a plan thereby inside or the machine tool machine down time outside the plan. , it is not certain to undertake from global angle craft is optimized very complex, it also is involved a few reach an analysis very basically with simple operation. Abandon old cutting tool through research, can understand the current situation of the workshop from wide perspective. For example, if the workshop uses the bit that cutting blade grows for 12 Mm commonly, and on cutting tool wear away the form achieves 2 Mm or 2½ Mm only, may pass for the job that the bit that this workshop place uses has to place so big. The cutting tool that has blade of 6 Mm cutting is likely more than sufficient, but it is a lot of cheaper that the cutting tool that has blade of 6 Mm cutting should compare the cutting tool that has blade of 12 Mm cutting. Can reduce cutting tool cost through carrying out such simple observation 50% and won't reduce productivity. CNC Milling