Mould of Leng Chong of punching machine of entrance numerical control is homebred change research
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source:OURLOVE CNC Machining
Summary: Labor the current situation that multitask digit accuses punching machine to be provided with cold die, the respect such as the application of craft of finishing of the material choice that has from cold die, heat treatment, mechanical production technology was discussed homebred the technology that changes research is crucial, put forward to make the efficient way of the has international competition ability mould product of accurate and complicated long life. Keyword: Numerical control punching machine; Cold die is provided; Homebred change in recent years, wait for the rapid development of the industry as appearance of switch of communication, electric equipment, instrument, board gold the climate that punch craft creates digit of the multitask in the process to accuse the application of punching machine to show swift and violent progress, among them the punching machine of series numerical control that the majority chose Japanese much cropland, CENTRUM and AMADA company. With common Leng Chong the mould differs, the demand of precision of fixed position of concave and convex model that imports multitask digit to accuse punching machine to use cold strong pattern is high, because this asks precision of mould production dimension is very tall also, at the same time as a result of numerical control punching machine strong fast outclass is common punching machine, because this is right,the performance characteristics of the mould also rises accordingly, this is mixed with respect to craft of the material choice to the mould, heat treatment finishing craft raised taller requirement. The current situation that １ multitask digit accuses punching machine to use cold strong pattern accuses punching machine majority to depend on the condition of the entrance to fall in domestic multitask digit, the cold strong pattern of form a complete set relies on an entrance entirely at present, be in especially communication and industry of switch electric equipment, the hundreds number of feed inlet of countrywide of the stage controls punching machine, annual numerical control punching machine measures on a few yuan with mould entrance. At present home still produces numerical control punching machine to use the company of cold strong pattern without major, its reason can induce as follows: Because rush,be numerical control punching machine fast fast, taller to the use requirement of the mould, this raised very tall requirement to mould material. Steel of homebred groovy cold strong pattern exists on metallurgy quality and craft bigger difference, the cold die that satisfies high accuracy, macrobian lot hard has the demand of equipment; The 2 promotion application that are advanced heat treatment and finishing craft are insufficient, restricted what cold die has life to rise; 3 it is advanced production technology and treatment facilities are backward the production that limits high accuracy mould; 4 it is a basis the mould makes a technology relatively the experience of the country that develop, good social large-scale cooperation is to raise the mould quality, key that reduces a mould to make cost, progress of domestic this side is slower, also restricted mould quality rise. 2 homebred cold die has the technical key that changes research is to realize the little, main tool that does not have cutting, apply extensively at production in efficient numerical control punching machine especially, the discretion of mould life affects cost of product quality, product and manufacturing efficiency directly. The element of the life that affects a pattern has heat treatment of mould material, material and finishing and mould workmanship. 2. Material of mould of １ mould material is the foundation of mould industry, according to ability of product quality, product ply of qualitative, material and mould size, mould writtens guarantee of compose different, the choice of mould material should follow different principle. Cold die provides the choice of material to be decided by a variety of elements, among them the invalidation form that the most important is the specific work requirement according to the mould and mould, reduce mould cost as far as possible below the premise that assures mould function. Accordingly, performance is relative poorer material, for instance integral performance distributings relative to steel of poorer carbolic element tool and carbide existence slants badly the steel of tall alloy mould of analyse, cannot apply in manufacturing condition to compare slashing cold strong pattern to go up. Because rush,numerical control punching machine is provided with cold die fast fast, to the wearability of mould material, impact resistance raised taller requirement. The material of domestic production die and abroad are same, use steel of tool of tall carbon tall chromium steel and high-speed steel mostly, but overall quality differs further, include level of metallurgy quality, carbide, forging craft. Home uses electric arc heat mostly the molten steel of smelt irrigates ingot mould directly in caky into steel ingot, after that make friends (forge) make become a useful person supply an user, because the immanent quality of steel of this kind of mould has in the head of billows form sediment shrinkage cavity, loose, there are the mixture of carbide and slag inclusion between the brim of ingot casting and core ministry, there is grain size on the section of steel ingot not the carbide of divide evenly, existence is serious macroscopical slant analyse and microscopical slant analyse, the impurity of steel is much, purity is poorer, to Leng Chong the mould brings serious quality hidden danger. Accordingly, when choosing material of cold strong pattern, to rolled steel in all brilliant carbide is inhomogenous degree raise strict requirement, ask normally 2 class above. Forginging is a when improve material quality efficient way, classics of steel of mostly cold strong pattern forgings complexly carbide level can raise after craft. Using new material, new technology, new technology, new equipment is the efficient way that improves mould life. If use technology of refine of remelting of electric broken bits, eliminate carbide and silicate kind sundry, increase purity, make grain petty and even, can enhance 2 aggrandizement when quenching effect and fight bate function, return the isotropy performance that can improve steel; The development of pulverous metallurgy technology also provided material to offer new approach for cold die, for instance pulverous metallurgy high-speed steel, as a result of its petty, even grain shape carbide, make tenacity is improved greatly, go up at all solved high speed to develop the tenacity problem when cutting into parts, but the value is relative taller. New material of other and high grade mould is very important also, be like hard alloy, material of pottery and porcelain, composite material, can tie the integrated cost of the mould according to different working requirement, will choose right stuff. 2. The processing of 2 mould material 2. 2. The heat treatment of the material of mould of heat treatment technology of mould of １ Leng Chong is the very important working procedure in mould production process, pass heat treatment to be able to change the organization of material and property, ensure the final service life of the mould. The choice of method of mould heat treatment and craft wants means of the working requirement according to the mould, invalidation and the diverse demand to function to decide likewise. Improve heat treatment facility, improve heat treatment technology, make the intensity of material, tenacity gets optimal cooperate; Abide by heat treatment craft strictly, control heats temperature, time, cooling rate, assure the performance characteristics of the mould thereby. Compare with posture of foreign mould industry, the key depends on the control of the application of advanced equipment and craft, join the real case of our country, expand social cooperation, heat treatment production is opposite by professional manufacturer the integral quality of the mould rises have very big gain. 2. 2. The working place that cold die has the finishing technology that 2 cold die provides is point, when punch is rushing to cut into parts and pull out from inside plank, be chafed strongly. Accordingly, the requirement that carries a model to rushing is point surface should have very good wearability. Finishing can make matrix maintains enough obdurability already, can raise the wearability of material surface again. Technology of commonly used processing of mould surface aggrandizement can divide it is 3 kinds: Become apparent of matrix of １ , change learns the method of composition, if ooze metal, cementite, nitrogen is changed,wait; 2, the method that does not change matrix become apparent to learn composition, wait like finishing of technology of laser surface modified, electron beam; 3, the method that forms sclerotic layer in matrix surface, be like PVD, chromium of CVD, PCVD, plating, thermal spraying. Method of aggrandizement of avery kind of has certain suitable scope, because this wants to know the character of all sorts of exterior aggrandizement processing techniques adequately, need fibrous root occupies different job requirement and the diverse demand to function, if be opposite,the wearability, demand that refuses the different function such as adhesion sex, tenacity chooses reasonable exterior aggrandizement processing technique. Although home already achieved international in the research level of finishing domain banner level, but reasonable at production applying, use insufficient still maturity on cold strong pattern especially, had not formed the technology measure of an effective and equipment condition, odd a need that miniature lab studies that he cannot satisfy socialization to be produced greatly. 2. The mechanical production technology that 3 cold die provides 2. 3. The mechanical workmanship that cold die of workmanship of １ die machinery provides is to point to what the spare parts is like punch and sunken model to die basically works normally production treatment method. As a result of the limitation of technology and equipment condition, long-term since, domestic mould workmanship did not cause the attention with enough people, especially many medium or small reach the main part that the town enterprise still is using the old device with manual rasp method and treatment small precision to machine die. Actually, the treatment precision of main part and exterior quality affect die directly the service life of the mould, the point grinding craft that machines craft, punch like the cut of electric spark line of sunken model, the blade of the logical choice of the clearance of concave and convex model of die of essence of life and mould grinds the craft final service life that affects a pattern greatly. Because its have the advantage such as high accuracy and tall automation,cut of electric spark line machines craft, obtained rapid development, make in the mould, the respect such as the treatment of material of treatment of figuration cutting tool, difficult treatment and accurate and complex part received wide application. But photograph of technology of cut of as advanced as abroad line is compared, the respect such as index of technology of quality of exterior of stability of degree of the precision of homebred machine tool, function, automation, dependability, treatment, product, treatment has very big difference. The working spare parts of general cold die, the punch treatment that holds a standard in order to rush is exemple, its dimension accurate precision asks to be ≤ commonly 0. ０１ μ ｍ , end panel and flank surface surface roughness R ａ 0. 4 ～ 0. １ . If use treatment of cut of electric spark line directly, and do not adopt follow-up cut to machine working procedure, achieve treatment requirement completely very hard. Especially exterior surface roughness, homebred machine tool amounts to the requirement that is less than die greatly, must increase in season so arenaceous, abrade reach ultrasonic to clear wait for follow-up treatment, in order to remove the effect of layer of harmful report corrode to die, raise precision of treatment work measure and exterior surface roughness, improve exterior quality. The data makes clear, surface roughness of surface of the strong point that reduce a standard can affect the life of the mould apparently. Grinding treatment craft also is one of main factors that affect mould life, on one hand craft of reasonable grinding treatment will raise dimension precision each surface surface roughness, if grinding feed is measured,at the same time reasonable grinding machines craft, grinding uses cooling medium, emery wheel chooses to wait to all can affect the generation of grinding crackle, affect mould life finally. And the dimension precision of the mould affects the space between concave and convex model directly, it is certain to be aimed at by treatment material ply, too big or too little space will affect the service life of the mould, clearance of sunken punch of cold strong pattern is the main task that deserves thorough research to the influence of mould service life. 2. 3. 2 application is advanced production technology is one of important step that assure mould advantage. Current, the characteristic that each country industry produces is product breed much, mix quickly newlier market competition is intense, below this kind of circumstance, the demand that the user creates to the mould is date of delivery short, precision tall, quality good, price is low, the development of mould technology should suit with these demand bearings, cold die provides technology of the CNC Machining in making and CAD to make a technology namely a the promotion of ／ CAE technology applies CAD ／ CAM is mould technology development important milestone, no matter make surface roughness of precision, surface from the mould, the respect such as cost of production cycle, production will assess, numerical control technology is the way that the mould develops. Use the mould product with the dimension more expensive precision such as cold strong pattern to importing numerical control punching machine especially, conventional treatment facilities cannot achieve a claimed accuracy at all, the compound treatment craft that the technology such as the superfinishing technique that processes precision to exceed １ μ ｍ and collect electrochemistry, ultrasonic, laser is together integratedly will have wide perspective. At the same time advanced digitlization is measured and the development of automatic treatment system and development also will be production technology of our country mould the target of long-term development. Mould of Leng Chong of punching machine of 3 numerical control is homebred change market prospect to analyse. Economy of our country industry had arrived the period that economy of much breed of economy of big batch dimensions and small lot grows at the same time, but be told with respect to form of these two kinds of economy to the dependence of the mould, just very much the same. In mould market of future, although plastic pattern provides the demand with Die Casting mould to will increase gradually, but the demand of the cold strong pattern to nicety, large, complex, macrobian life will be chased increase gradually. From 1995 number of feed inlet of our country machine tool measures an analysis to look, the import quantity of numerical control punching machine increases compared to the same period for 113. 71 ％ , in the machine tool the entrance is added a kind of taller machine tool is belonged to in quickening, can forecast, corresponding mould number of feed inlet is measured and raise rate also won't low, accuse punching machine investigation to make clear according to the number of feed inlet in statistic of domestic switch trade, at present this industry has 500 above to import numerical control punching machine, every are like year of mould to use up amount to be controlled for 200 thousand yuan, criterion home year use up mould amount to be 100 million yuan, accordingly, the market potential that numerical control punching machine uses a pattern is quite big. Because numerical control punching machine is imported,most is only in last few years, accordingly, mould of form a complete set is homebred change research to still be belonged to start level, the research that from me the unit begins will analyse, homebred the produces cost to import a mould only １ ／ that changes a pattern 2, if be used entirely homebred change a pattern, annual but managing import fee 0. 500 million yuan, face analysis is knowable once upon a time, current and homebred the crucial question that turn is data processing and the application of advanced production technology. The scientific research power that from our country current cold die provides an industry and individual technology level will tell all-round to reach foreign advanced level, but the mould serves as a kind of industry, those who involve is some not only the discretion of level of scientific research gain, however an integrated social cooperation and the problem that produce government, make from raw material, the administrative pattern that the respect such as mould machining and overall quality management should draw advanced country, ability forms the advanced pattern that has competition ability make the mould product of enterprise and high quality truly. CNC Milling